Weekly Ethereum Research Report (2026-03-30 ~ 2026-04-03)
TL;DR
- Bottom line: Google and Oratomic's Shor's Algorithm improvement announcements raised the urgency of the PQ transition, while institutional staking adoption from Lido Day and practical progress on Glamsterdam and Hegota amid the 28-day ACDC gap were the week's core themes.
- Numbers: The 28-day gap from ACDC #176 (3/19) to ACDC #177 (4/16) was confirmed, the Entry queue reached an all-time high of 54 days, and Binary Trie Part 2 showed a 1.7~2.5x gap versus MPT.
- Action: Operators and researchers should prioritize tracking PQ signatures and the Quantum Recovery Pathway, securing stVault performance history by 6/30, and cross-verifying ACD call records, ethereum/pm, and the EIPs repo instead of relying on Forkcast alone.
Top 3 Takeaways
Google and Oratomic simultaneously published papers improving Shor's Algorithm, elevating Ethereum's PQ (Post-Quantum) transition urgency from theory to practical risk — Justin Drake declared it a "monumentous day," and PQTS #005 discussed Lattice HD Wallets and Hardware Signers integration in parallel, kicking off diversification of the PQ signature layer in earnest.
자세히 읽기
On 4/1, Google and Oratomic simultaneously published papers improving Shor's Algorithm that lower the number of qubits required to break ECDSA to around ~10,000. Justin Drake named it a "monumentous day," formalizing the urgency of the PQ transition. PQTS #005 (4/1) discussed the Lattice HD Wallets paper (eprint.iacr.org/2026/380) and PQ integration for Ledger/Trezor hardware signers, establishing a two-track parallel structure: EIP-8141 Frame TX (AA-based PQ path) and hardware-level signature transition. At the same time, discussion also began on a Quantum Recovery Pathway (protecting legacy ECDSA funds).
Lido Day (3/31, Cannes) brought consecutive announcements: Flow Traders' stVault Professional Operator application, Aave V4 modular lending integration, and Credora's stETH A+ rating — a compound institutional staking adoption flywheel started running, while the Entry queue reached an all-time high of 54 days.
자세히 읽기
Flow Traders' application as an stVault Professional Trusted Operator (Euronext-listed, 3-region infrastructure; D+5 forum verification in progress) is the first case of a TradFi institution directly entering Lido V3. Credora gave stETH a top-tier A+ rating, removing hurdles for institutional collateral use, and the Early Adopters Campaign was extended until 6/30 (0% fee). The 54-day validator Entry queue confirms excess institutional demand in data. For teams preparing to enter as Curated operators, the period until 6/30 is the optimal window to secure stVault performance history.
ACDC #177 was confirmed for 4/16, creating a 28-day ACDC gap — while promotion of 20 Glamsterdam Considered items and the Hegota CL decision are deferred by at least 2 more weeks, technical progress is accelerating through Binary Trie Part 2 benchmarks, the EIP-8134/EIP-8135 transition to Final, and the large-scale EIP-8130 AA revision.
자세히 읽기
This is an unusual gap in which no main consensus call is held for 28 days from ACDC #176 (3/19) to 4/16 (ACDC #177). Strawmap stagnation may extend to at least 57 days, but practical consensus is accumulating through Breakout calls (Repricings #5, PQTS #5) and ACDT #076. Binary Trie Part 2 benchmarks confirmed a 1.7~2.5x performance gap versus MPT, but 4 optimization PRs were submitted within one week, intensifying The Verge state tree competition. EIP-8134/EIP-8135 (BPO1/BPO2) moved to Final, confirming the Blob scaling roadmap.
1. Roadmap/Upgrade Change Highlights
Glamsterdam (Scheduled maintained, Considered unchanged — Strawmap stagnant for 44 days)
| Item | Status | This Week's Change |
|---|---|---|
| EIP-7732 (ePBS) | Scheduled | ACDT #076: epbs-devnet-1 status review. Two Beacon-API PRs (#593, #584) discussed |
| EIP-7928 (BAL) | Scheduled | ACDT #076: bal-devnet-3→4 transition. bal-devnet-4 appeared for the first time as an official ACDT agenda item |
| EIP-8037 (State Creation Gas) | Considered | First official verification of bal-devnet-3 measured data at Repricings #005 |
| EIP-8136 (MetaGlamsterdam) | Undecided (new) | barnabasbusa proposed including it as an optional networking EIP (EIPs#11452) |
| EIP-8130 (AA by Account Config) | Considered | Large-scale revision: nonce 2D structure + EOA auto-delegation (+163/-112 lines) |
| 20 Considered items | Unchanged for 44 days | Could extend to at least 57 days due to the 28-day ACDC gap |
| devnet testing | 4 in parallel | blob-devnet-0, bal-devnet-3/4, epbs-devnet-1 operated simultaneously |
Hegota (EIP-8141 remains Considered, awaiting ACDC)
| Item | Status | This Week's Change |
|---|---|---|
| EIP-7805 (FOCIL) | Scheduled | Follow-up to the 12-second attester cutoff proposal, awaiting Stateless Call around ~4/6 |
| EIP-8141 (Frame Transaction) | Considered | blob-devnet-0 operation continues. PQ signature research expanded across 4 axes (PQ/key rotation/Statelessness/Privacy) |
| EIP-8209 (Commit-Reveal Frames) | Draft (new) | EIP-8141 extension — privacy frame for transaction-level MEV protection |
| Same-Slot LUCID Decryption | New proposal | Solves the N+1 encryption timing problem — decryption within N slots based on slashable collateral |
| Hegota data not displayed | Day 7 | Hegota fork data continues to be missing from Forkcast |
Fusaka / The Verge / PQ (long-term tracks)
| Item | Status | This Week's Change |
|---|---|---|
| EIP-8134/EIP-8135 (BPO1/BPO2) | Final (new) | Blob Parameter Optimization 1&2 → Final transition. Blob scaling roadmap confirmed |
| Binary Trie Part 2 | Benchmark | 1.7~2.5x gap versus MPT confirmed. 4 optimization PRs submitted in 1 week. The Verge state tree competition intensifies |
| PQ Shor's Algorithm | Urgency elevated | Google + Oratomic simultaneous announcement → ECDSA cracking with 10,000 qubits. Justin Drake "monumentous day" |
| Quantum Recovery Pathway | New discussion | Discussion begins on a path to protect legacy ECDSA funds |
| ERC-733 TEE-EVM | New proposal | TEE-based EVM coprocessing |
| EEZ (Ethereum Economic Zone) | New proposal | Gnosis's Friederike Ernst posted an L2 alignment framework on the Lido Forum |
2. EIP Status Changes (Forkcast Monday 3/30 vs Friday 4/3)
Summary of Upgrade Inclusion Status Changes
| Change Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Official stage changes | 0 — no stage changes this week |
| Substantive progress (not reflected in Forkcast) | 5 — EIP-8037 devnet verification, EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam proposal, EIP-8209 new Draft, large-scale EIP-8130 revision, EIP-8134/8135 Final transition |
| Forkcast tracking changes | +13 added, -13 removed (coverage adjustment, not stage changes) |
Strawmap stagnation continues for 44 days (since 2/20). It may extend to at least 57 days due to the 28-day ACDC gap (~4/16). However, practical consensus is accumulating through Breakout calls.
Forkcast Data Drift Warning
| Issue | Status | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Hegota fork data not displayed | Day 7 | EIP-8141 Considered and other Hegota progress not reflected |
| EIP-6110 (Pectra Included) missing | New | Data instability even for confirmed EIPs — serious |
| Active EIP count decreased | 11→9 | Clearly insufficient versus the actual ~40+ |
| EIP-4750 restored | Missing→restored | Back-and-forth pattern |
⚠️ Forkcast data cannot be relied on alone — cross-verification with ACD call records + ethereum/pm + EIPs repo is mandatory.
Status by Upgrade (as of 4/3, based on cross-verification)
| Upgrade | Scheduled | Considered | Included | Declined | Withdrawn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glamsterdam | 2 (7732, 7928) | ~20 | - | ~34 | ~4 |
| Hegota | 1 (7805) | 1 (8141) | - | 2 (7807, 8184) | 1 (8105) |
| Fusaka | - | - | 13 | - | - |
| Pectra | - | - | 12 (complete) | - | - |
3. Key Validator/Infrastructure Issues
Direct Impact on Validator Operations
| Priority | Item | Details | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urgent | PQ Shor's Algorithm improvement | Google+Oratomic simultaneous announcement. Long-term threat to ECDSA/BLS key security elevated | Announced 4/1 |
| Urgent | Credora stETH A+ rating | Institutional risk hurdle removed. DeFi LTV increase → leverage demand → staking flywheel | Announced 4/3 |
| Urgent | Entry Queue 54-day all-time high | Data confirms excess institutional demand. Scarcity value of existing operators rises | Confirmed 4/3 |
| Urgent | DVT incentive redirect | Review ended 4/3. Decision on Snapshot vote implementation. Operator reward structure reshaping | 4/3 D-Day |
| Medium-term | Flow Traders stVault application | First case of an Euronext-listed institution as a Professional Trusted Operator. DVT not adopted | D+5, forum verification in progress |
| Medium-term | Early Adopters Campaign extension | 3/31→6/30. 0% infrastructure fee extended by 3 months. InfStones joined | Announced 4/3 |
| Medium-term | Aave V4 modular lending + Lido integration | Announced at Lido Day. Expanded DeFi integration for stETH use | Announced 3/31 |
| Medium-term | Linea Native ETH Yield | 3~5% automatic staking. L2 native yield | Announced 3/31 |
| Medium-term | EEZ L2 alignment framework | Path for directly linking L2 activity→L1 validator revenue. stETH cross-chain expansion | 4/2 Lido Forum |
| Long-term | Same-Slot LUCID Decryption | Roadmap for MEV mitigation through the FOCIL+ePBS+LUCID combination becomes concrete | Proposed 4/1 |
| Long-term | Quantum Recovery Pathway | Research begins on a mechanism to protect legacy ECDSA funds | 4/1 |
Infrastructure Monitoring Status
| Item | Status | This Week's Change |
|---|---|---|
| 4 devnets in parallel | Operation continues | Full review at ACDT #076. bal-devnet-4 appeared for the first time as an official agenda item |
| bal-devnet-3 | Bug unresolved | Unresolved issue found during EIP-8037 verification at Repricings #005 |
| Binary Trie Part 2 | Benchmark results | 1.7~2.5x gap versus MPT, rapidly improving through 4 optimization PRs |
| EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam | New P2P EIP | Reinforces the networking base for Glamsterdam headliners |
| RPC Standards #24 | D-3 (4/6) | debug_traceBlockByNumber standardization + new eth_getStorageValues |
| PQ client impact | Analysis in progress | Assessing the need to rewrite signature logic wholesale |
| Official call notes | All unpublished | ACDE #232 D+22, longest ever. No new note files added in 2026 |
4. Core Protocol Call Decisions
This week, 3 calls were held + ACDC #177 was confirmed not held (scheduled for 4/16):
| Date | Call | Number | Key Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3/30 (Mon) | ACDT | #076 | Simultaneous review of 4 devnets. EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam optional networking EIP proposed (barnabasbusa). Two Beacon-API PRs (#593, #584). bal-devnet-4 appeared for the first time as an official agenda item |
| 4/1 (Wed) | PQTS | #005 | Lattice HD Wallets paper (eprint.iacr.org/2026/380) reviewed. PQ signatures + Hardware Signers (Ledger/Trezor) integration path. Comparison of AA-based vs hardware device-level PQ transition paths |
| 4/1 (Wed) | Repricings | #005 | EIP-8037 State Creation Gas Cost — first official verification of bal-devnet-3 measured data. Discussion of unresolved bugs. Foundation laid for Considered→Scheduled transition |
Details of Key Technical Decisions
1. ACDT #076 — accelerating Glamsterdam devnet parallel completeness verification:
- Simultaneous agenda coverage of 4 devnets (blob-devnet-0, bal-devnet-3/4, epbs-devnet-1) is unprecedented in scale
- bal-devnet-4's official appearance on ACDT suggests the BAL implementation cycle is moving to the next phase
- The EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam proposal kicked off discussion on reinforcing the P2P base for headliner EIPs
- The two Beacon-API PRs are prerequisites for completing the ePBS devnet
2. PQTS #005 — deeper multi-angle review of the PQ signature layer:
- Lattice HD Wallets: review of BIP32 derivation path compatibility based on NIST PQC standards (ML-DSA, ML-KEM)
- Hardware Signers: discussion of the physical processing requirements for several-KB-scale PQ signatures on Ledger/Trezor
- EIP-8141 Frame TX (AA-based) and hardware-level transition are mutually complementary two tracks
3. Repricings #005 — empirical verification begins for a Glamsterdam Considered EIP:
- EIP-8037 bal-devnet-3 measured data was reviewed in the first official session
- Unresolved issues identified, including subcall gas mechanics and test framework complexity
- Complementary relationship with BAL (EIP-7928) — structured state access + suppression of state growth
4. ACDC #177 not held — confirmed for 4/16:
- The 28-day gap between ACDC #176 (3/19) and #177 (4/16) is presumed to be due to EthCC9 Cannes (3/30~4/2) schedule adjustments
- Major agenda items are concentrated on 4/16, including Glamsterdam Considered promotion, Hegota CL decision, EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam, and the FOCIL 12-second attester cutoff
5. Key Schedule for Next Week
| Date | Event | Key Agenda |
|---|---|---|
| 4/6 (Mon) | RPC Standards #24 (15:00 UTC) | debug_traceBlockByNumber standardization, new eth_getStorageValues API |
| ~4/6 | Stateless Implementers Call #51 | Binary Trie Part 2 follow-up, BUDs research discussion |
| ~4/7 (Mon) | ACDT #077 (estimated) | Progress of 4 devnets, whether bal-devnet-3 bugs are resolved |
| ~4/8 (Wed) | PQI #034 (estimated) | Follow-up on Shor's Algorithm papers, Devnet-4 progress, resumption of the PQ track after EthCC |
| ~4/9 (Thu) | ACDE #234 (estimated) | EIP-8070 SFI decision, EIP-8141 vs PQ+SchemedTx follow-up, processing bal-devnet-2 EIPs |
| 4/15 (Tue) | AllWalletDevs #39 | Possible discussion of EIP-8130 nonce 2D impact |
| 4/16 (Thu) | ACDC #177 (14:00 UTC) | 🔴 Biggest point to watch. First call after a 28-day gap. Glamsterdam Considered promotion, Hegota CL decision, EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam, FOCIL 12-second attester cutoff |
| 6/30 | Early Adopters Campaign ends | 0% → normal fee transition. Deadline to secure stVault performance history |
Biggest point to watch next week: RPC #24 (4/6), PQI #34 (~4/8), and ACDE #234 (~4/9) will be held in succession, confirming Shor's Algorithm follow-ups, Glamsterdam EIP SFI decisions, and devnet progress one after another. ACDC #177 on 4/16 is the first main consensus call after the 28-day gap, and is expected to concentrate discussion on promotion of 20 Glamsterdam Considered items + Hegota CL direction + EIP-8136 MetaGlamsterdam scope. In the PQ track, the key point is timeline reassessment at PQI/PQTS after the Google/Oratomic paper announcements.
Weekly Key Metrics
| Metric | Last Week (3/27) | This Week (4/3) | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glamsterdam Scheduled | 2 | 2 | - |
| Glamsterdam Considered | 20 | 20 | - (44 days unchanged) |
| Hegota Scheduled | 1 | 1 | - |
| Hegota Considered | 1 (8141) | 1 (8141) | - |
| Fusaka Included | 13 | 13 | - |
| PQ fork candidate | 1 | 1 | - (EIP-8141 maintained) |
| Strawmap stagnation | 37 days→resolved | 44 days | ⚠️ At least 57 days expected |
| Weekly protocol calls | 6 | 3 | ACDT#76, PQTS#5, Repricings#5 (ACDC not held) |
| Forkcast data | 1 change | 0 changes + worsening drift | EIP-6110 Included missing, 11→9 |
| Entry Queue | — | 54-day all-time high | Excess institutional demand confirmed |
| Lido ecosystem | LDO Buyback proposal | Flow Traders+Credora A++Aave V4+Early Adopters extension | Compound acceleration of institutional adoption |
| PQ urgency | EIP-8141 Hegota entry | Shor's Algorithm improvement → practical threat | Elevated from theory→practice |
| devnet parallelism | 4 | 4 maintained | bal-devnet-4 appeared for the first time as an official agenda item |
| New EIPs/research | BUDs, Leaderless BFT | EIP-8209, EIP-8136, Same-Slot LUCID, EEZ, ERC-733, ERC-8211 | 6 new items |
| AA competition | 3-way race | 3-way race + large-scale EIP-8130 revision | nonce 2D + EOA delegation |
| Official notes unpublished | ACDE#232 D+14 | ACDE#232 D+22, longest ever | All 2026 notes unpublished |
| Binary Trie | New | Part 2 benchmark + 4 optimization PRs | The Verge competition intensifies |
| BPO (Blob Parameter) | In progress | EIP-8134/8135 Final transition | Blob scaling confirmed |
Written by: @r2jamong
Data sources: ethereum/pm, EIP Upgrade Snapshot, Ethereum Magicians, ethresear.ch, research.lido.fi, Credora, forkcast